Optimal FOPID Controllers for LFC Including Renewables by Bald Eagle Optimizer

In this study, a bald eagle optimizer (BEO) is used to get optimal parameters of the fractional-order proportional–integral–derivative (FOPID) controller for load frequency control (LFC). Since BEO takes only very short time in finding solution, it selected designing FOPID that improves system stability and maintains within satisfactory range at different loads. Simulations demonstrations are carried out using MATLAB-R2020b. The performance BEO-FOPID evaluated two-zone interlinked power loads under uncertainty wind solar energies. robustness examined by testing its varying constants. results obtained compared with those BEO-PID PID controllers based on recent metaheuristics optimization algorithms, namely sine–cosine approach, Jaya grey wolf optimizer, genetic algorithm, bacteria foraging equilibrium algorithm. confirm obtains finest result, lowest deviation. also stable robust loads, constants,